Sustainable Marine Structures

Model Setup Evaluation for Two-Dimensional Physical Model of Wave-Structure Interaction for Modular Floating Photovoltaic

Maria Naiborhu

Bandung Institute of Technology

Ricky L. Tawekal

Department of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Ahmad M. Firdaus

Department of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Farid P. Bakti

Department of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Eko C. Ilman

Department of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Reynard A. Zebua

Magister of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Hasya Farhana

Magister of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Jesa Angelin

Magister of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Alfiza Aulia

Magister of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Adinda P.K. Hermanto

Magister Program of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Nathaniel L. Setiono

Magister Program of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Muhamad R. Khashib

Magister Program of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Ahmad S. Maarif

Magister Program of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36956/sms.v7i4.2719

Received: 10 September 2025; Published: 2 December 2025

Abstract

Interest in understanding the structural behavior of marine floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems has grown significantly over the last decade. Numerical models are the preferred approach for understanding FPV responses under environmental loads, but they require validation. Several methods are commonly used to validate numerical results, such as comparison with analytical, field data, and experimental data. The use of analytical approaches to validate numerical results can sometimes be inaccurate due to the complexity of the problems; nevertheless, field data is commonly restricted and frequently unavailable for numerical model validation. Thus, physical models play a crucial role in validating numerical results. This study focuses on the two-dimensional (2-D) modeling process and sensors development for an FPV system with taut mooring, aiming to investigate wave-structure interaction while considering hydroelastic effects. The model is developed in accordance with the Froude-Cauchy similitude law and is made from composite materials to capture structural stiffness. Structural motions, specifically heave and pitch, are measured using an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), while strain gauges measure structural stress and mooring tension. The sensors provide precise measurements for strain and pitch; however, heave, as a result of time-domain integration from acceleration, requires further validation. The motion responses of the model align with reference results.

Keywords: Composite Model, 2-D Experimental, Floating Photovoltaic, Froude-Cauchy Similitude, Hydroelasticity

References