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…(Scopus)Factors Influencing Lowland Rice Farmers' Productivity: Evidence from East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Dwijatenaya Ida Bagus Made Agung
Kutai Kartanegara University
Raden Ince
Kutai Kartanegara University
Palinggi Yonathan
Kutai Kartanegara University
Sundari
Kutai Kartanegara University
Arief Akhmad
Kutai Kartanegara University
Rahmawati Eka
Kutai Kartanegara University
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v7i2.2785
Received: 27 September 2025; Published: 13 May 2026
Copyright © 2026 Dwijatenaya Ida Bagus Made Agung, Raden Ince, Palinggi Yonathan, Sundari, Arief Akhmad, Rahmawati Eka. Published by Nan Yang Academy of Sciences Pte. Ltd..
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the productivity of rice farmers. This study employed a quantitative research design with an inferential statistical approach using SmartPLS. The research was conducted in five rice farming areas in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, with a sample size of 146 respondents. The results indicate that extension communication has a positive and significant effect on farmers' knowledge. However, the effect on farmers' skills is positive but not significant. Extension communication has a negative and insignificant effect on innovation adoption, and a positive but insignificant effect on farmer productivity. The effect of farmers' knowledge on innovation adoption was negative and an insignificant, while its effect on farmer productivity was positive but not significant. In contrast, the effect of farmers' skills on innovation adoption and farmer productivity was positive and significant. This study has several limitations. First, it focuses only on rice farmers in the five agricultural areas designated by the Kutai Kartanegara Regency government, so the results cannot be generalized to other areas with different conditions. Second, this study does not consider external factors that may influence the successful adoption of agricultural technology innovations, such as government policies, market access, and weather conditions.
Keywords: Extension Communication, Farmer Knowledge, Farmer Skills, Innovation Adoption, Productivity