Research on World Agricultural Economy

Modeling Factors Influencing the Adoption of Low-Emission Practices in Rice Farming in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Vo Hong Tu

Can Tho University

Trang Nguyen Thuy

Department of Economics for Development, Can Tho University—Hau Giang Campus, Can Tho city 94000, Vietnam

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v7i2.2684

Received: 30 August 2025; Published: 16 April 2026

Abstract

The Mekong Delta is a vital rice-producing region in Vietnam, but conventional rice farming continues to generate considerable greenhouse gas emissions, placing increasing pressure on the sector to transition toward more sustainable production models. This study investigates the socio-economic and perception-based factors shaping farmers’ adoption of low-emission rice farming practices. Using survey data collected from 748 farmers across six provinces, a generalized ordered logit model is employed to identify key determinants and adoption patterns. Results show that farmers with larger landholdings, higher education levels, and stronger perceptions of economic and environmental benefits are more likely to adopt low-emission practices. In contrast, household size, land fragmentation, and limited access to resources constrain participation. Financial uncertainties, market instability, higher input requirements, and concerns over pest and disease risks remain major barriers. While farmers adopting multiple low-emission practices often achieve greater profitability and improved resource efficiency, perceived risks related to yield variability and cost fluctuations continue to discourage widespread uptake. Reputational gains, environmental stewardship motivations, and policy-driven incentives also play an important role in supporting adoption. To accelerate the transition to sustainable rice production, the study recommends enhanced financial support mechanisms, targeted training and capacity-building programs, improved market linkages, and robust institutional frameworks to mitigate risks and strengthen farmer confidence.

Keywords: Adoption; Climate‑Smart Agriculture; Low‑Emission Rice; Ordered Logit; Sustainable Agriculture

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